Introduction
The java.lang.Math class contains methods for
performing basic numeric operations such as the elementary exponential,
logarithm, square root, and trigonometric functions.
Following is the declaration for java.lang.Math
class:
public final class Math
extends
Object
Following are the fields for java.lang.Math class:
static
double E -- This is the double value that is closer than any
other to e, the base of the natural logarithms.
static
double PI -- This is the double value that is closer than any
other to pi, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
This method returns the absolute value of a double
value.
static
float abs(float a)
This method returns the absolute value of a float
value.
static
int abs(int a)
This method returns the absolute value of an int
value.
static
long abs(long a)
This method returns the absolute value of a long
value.
static
double acos(double a)
This method returns the arc cosine of a value; the
returned angle is in the range 0.0 through pi.
static
double asin(double a)
This method returns the arc sine of a value; the
returned angle is in the range -pi/2 through pi/2.
static double atan(double a)
This method returns the arc tangent of a value; the
returned angle is in the range -pi/2 through pi/2.
static double atan2(double y, double x)
This method returns the angle theta from the
conversion of rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinates (r, theta).
static
double cbrt(double a)
This method returns the cube root of a double value.
static
double ceil(double a)
This method returns the smallest (closest to
negative infinity) double value that is greater than or equal to the argument
and is equal to a mathematical integer.
static
double copySign(double magnitude, double sign)
This method returns the first floating-point
argument with the sign of the second floating-point argument.
static float copySign(float magnitude, float
sign)
This method returns the first floating-point
argument with the sign of the second floating-point argument.
static
double cos(double a)
This method returns the trigonometric cosine of an
angle.
static double cosh(double x)
This method returns the hyperbolic cosine of a
double value.
static double exp(double a)
This method returns Euler's number e raised to the
power of a double value.
static
double expm1(double x)
This method returns ex -1.
static double floor(double a)
This method returns the largest (closest to positive
infinity) double value that is less than or equal to the argument and is equal
to a mathematical integer.
static int getExponent(double d)
This method returns the unbiased exponent used in
the representation of a double.
static int getExponent(float f)
This method returns the unbiased exponent used in
the representation of a float.
static double hypot(double x, double y)
This method returns sqrt(x2 +y2) without
intermediate overflow or underflow.
static
double IEEEremainder(double f1, double f2)
This method computes the remainder operation on two
arguments as prescribed by the IEEE 754 standard.
static
double log(double a)
This method returns the natural logarithm (base e)
of a double value.
static
double log10(double a)
This method returns the base 10 logarithm of a
double value.
static
double log1p(double x)
This method returns the natural logarithm of the sum
of the argument and 1.
static double max(double a, double b)
This method returns the greater of two double
values.
static
float max(float a, float b)
This method returns the greater of two float values.
static
int max(int a, int b)
This method returns the greater of two int values.
static
long max(long a, long b)
This method returns the greater of two long values.
static
double min(double a, double b)
This method returns the smaller of two double
values.
static float min(float a, float b)
This method returns the smaller of two float values.
static
int min(int a, int b)
This method returns the smaller of two int values.
static long min(long a, long b)
This method returns the smaller of two long values.
static
double nextAfter(double start, double direction)
This method returns the floating-point number
adjacent to the first argument in the direction of the second argument.
static
float nextAfter(float start, double direction)
This method returns the floating-point number
adjacent to the first argument in the direction of the second argument.
static double nextUp(double d)
This method returns the floating-point value
adjacent to d in the direction of positive infinity.
static
float nextUp(float f)
This method returns the floating-point value
adjacent to f in the direction of positive infinity.
static
double pow(double a, double b)
This method returns the value of the first argument
raised to the power of the second argument.
static
double random()
This method returns a double value with a positive
sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0.
static double rint(double a)
This method returns the double value that is closest
in value to the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.
static long round(double a)
This method returns the closest long to the
argument.
static int round(float a)
This method returns the closest int to the argument.
static
double scalb(double d, int scaleFactor)
This method returns d × 2scaleFactor rounded as if
performed by a single correctly rounded floating-point multiply to a member of
the double value set.
static float scalb(float f, int scaleFactor)
This method return f × 2scaleFactor rounded as if
performed by a single correctly rounded floating-point multiply to a member of
the float value set.
static
double signum(double d)
This method returns the signum function of the
argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0 if the argument is greater than
zero, -1.0 if the argument is less than zero.
static
float signum(float f)
This method returns the signum function of the
argument; zero if the argument is zero, 1.0f if the argument is greater than
zero, -1.0f if the argument is less than zero.
static
double sin(double a)
This method returns the hyperbolic sine of a double
value.
static double sinh(double x)
This method Returns the hyperbolic sine of a double
value.
static double sqrt(double a)
This method returns the correctly rounded positive
square root of a double value.
static
double tan(double a)
This method returns the trigonometric tangent of an
angle.r
static double tanh(double x)
This method returns the hyperbolic tangent of a
double value.
static
double toDegrees(double angrad)
This method converts an angle measured in radians to
an approximately equivalent angle measured in degrees.
static
double toRadians(double angdeg)
This method converts an angle measured in degrees to
an approximately equivalent angle measured in radians.
static
double ulp(double d)
This method returns the size of an ulp of the
argument.
static
double ulp(float f)
This method returns the size of an ulp of the
argument.
Class java.lang.Math
java.lang.Object
|
+----java.lang.Math
public final class Math
extends Object
The standard Math library. For the methods in this
Class, error handling for out-of-range or immeasurable results are platform
dependent. This class cannot be subclassed or instantiated because all methods
and variables are static.
Variable
Index
o E
The float representation of the value E.
o PI
The float representation of the value Pi.
Method
Index
o
IEEEremainder(double, double)
Returns the remainder of f1 divided by f2 as defined
by IEEE 754.
o
abs(int)
Returns the absolute integer value of a.
o
abs(long)
Returns the absolute long value of a.
o
abs(float)
Returns the absolute float value of a.
o
abs(double)
Returns the absolute double value of a.
o
acos(double)
Returns the arc cosine of a, in the range of 0.0
through Pi.
o
asin(double)
Returns the arc sine of a, in the range of -Pi/2
through Pi/2.
o
atan(double)
Returns the arc tangent of a, in the range of -Pi/2
through Pi/2.
o
atan2(double, double)
Converts rectangular coordinates (a, b) to polar (r,
theta).
o
ceil(double)
Returns the "ceiling" or smallest whole
number greater than or equal to a.
o
cos(double)
Returns the trigonometric cosine of an angle.
o
exp(double)
Returns the exponential number e(2.718...) raised to
the power of a.
o
floor(double)
Returns the "floor" or largest whole
number less than or equal to a.
o
log(double)
Returns the natural logarithm (base e) of a.
o
max(int, int)
Takes two int values, a and b, and returns the
greater number of the two.
o
max(long, long)
Takes two long values, a and b, and returns the
greater number of the two.
o
max(float, float)
Takes two float values, a and b, and returns the
greater number of the two.
o
max(double, double)
Takes two double values, a and b, and returns the
greater number of the two.
o
min(int, int)
Takes two integer values, a and b, and returns the
smallest number of the two.
o
min(long, long)
Takes two long values, a and b, and returns the
smallest number of the two.
o
min(float, float)
Takes two float values, a and b, and returns the
smallest number of the two.
o
min(double, double)
Takes two double values, a and b, and returns the
smallest number of the two.
o
pow(double, double)
Returns the number a raised to the power of b.
o
random()
Generates a random number between 0.0 and 1.0.
Random number generators are often referred to as
pseudorandom number generators because the numbers produced tend to repeat
themselves after a period of time.
o
rint(double)
Converts a double value into an integral value in
double format.
o
round(float)
Rounds off a float value by first adding 0.5 to it
and then returning the largest integer that is less than or equal to this new
value.
o
round(double)
Rounds off a double value by first adding 0.5 to it
and then returning the largest integer that is less than or equal to this new
value.
o
sin(double)
Returns the trigonometric sine of an angle.
o
sqrt(double)
Returns the square root of a.
o
tan(double)
Returns the trigonometric tangent of an angle.
Variables
o E
public final
static double E
The float representation of the value E. E is
equivalent to 2.7182818284590452354f in Java.
o PI
public final
static double PI
The float representation of the value Pi. Pi is
equivalent to 3.14159265358979323846f in Java.
Methods
o sin
public
static double sin(double a)
Returns the trigonometric sine of an angle.
Parameters:
a - an assigned angle that is measured in radians
o cos
public
static double cos(double a)
Returns the trigonometric cosine of an angle.
Parameters:
a - an assigned angle that is measured in radians
o tan
public
static double tan(double a)
Returns the trigonometric tangent of an angle.
Parameters:
a - an assigned angle that is measured in radians
o asin
public
static double asin(double a)
Returns the arc sine of a, in the range of -Pi/2
through Pi/2.
Parameters:
a - (-1.0) <= a <= 1.0
o acos
public
static double acos(double a)
Returns the arc cosine of a, in the range of 0.0
through Pi.
Parameters:
a - (-1.0) <= a <= 1.0
o atan
public
static double atan(double a)
Returns the arc tangent of a, in the range of -Pi/2
through Pi/2.
Parameters:
a - an assigned value
Returns:
the arc tangent of a.
o exp
public static
double exp(double a)
Returns the exponential number e(2.718...) raised to
the power of a.
Parameters:
a - an assigned value
o
log
public
static double log(double a) throws Arithmetic Exception
